Zonunkhira ndi zonunkhira zodzikongoletsera

Zonunkhira zimapangidwa ndi mankhwala amodzi kapena angapo okhala ndi fungo, mu mamolekyu otchuka awa pali magulu ena onunkhira. Amaphatikizidwa munjira zosiyanasiyana mkati mwa molekyulu, kotero kuti zonunkhira zimakhala ndi zonunkhira komanso fungo.

Kulemera kwa maselo nthawi zambiri kumakhala pakati pa 26 ndi 300, kusungunuka m'madzi, ethanol kapena ma sol sol oversic. Molekyulu ayenera kukhala ndi gulu la atomiki monga 0h, -Co - -Cath, ndi-ndi-ndi--ha -sh, omwe amatchedwa gulu lopeka kapena gulu lotero. Masango a tsitsi awa amapangitsa kuti fungo litulutse zofukiza zosiyana, kupereka anthu zofukiza zosiyanasiyana.

Gulu la zonunkhira

Malinga ndi gwero likhoza kugawidwa mu zonunkhira zachilengedwe ndi zokongoletsa. Kulapa kwachilengedwe kumatha kugawidwa kukhala kukoma kwachilengedwe ndi kununkhira kwachilengedwe. Zonunkhira zopangidwa zitha kugawidwa mu zonunkhira zapadera, mabale azomera komanso zonunkhira zophatikizika, zonunkhira zonunkhira zimagawika m'makola onunkhira komanso zonunkhira bwino.

Zonunkhira zachilengedwe

Zonunkhira zachilengedwe zimatengera choyambirira komanso chosakonzedwa mwachindunji cha nyama ndi zomera; Kapena zonunkhira zotulutsidwa kapena zoyengedwa ndi njira zakuthupi popanda kusintha kapangidwe kake koyambirira. Zovala zachilengedwe zimaphatikizapo nyama ndikubzala zojambula zachilengedwe ziwiri.

Zonunkhira zachilengedwe

Zonunkhira za nyama zimakhala zochepa, makamaka za katulutsidwe kapena mawonekedwe a nyama khumi ndi chimodzi, pali zofukiza za nyama khumi ndi ziwiri zomwe zilipo: Kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri mu cyberland, ku Castreorean zonunkhira za nyama zinayi.

Bzalani kukoma kwachilengedwe

Zomera zachilengedwe ndiye gwero lalikulu la kukoma kwachilengedwe, mitundu yokoma ya kununkhira imakhala yolemera, ndipo njira zamankhwala ndizosiyanasiyana. Anthu awona kuti pali mitundu yoposa 3600 yonunkhira bwino, monga timbewu, lavenda, peony, ma clozine, ndi mitundu 400 yokha ya ntchito yomwe ilipo. Malinga ndi kapangidwe kawo, amatha kugawidwa m'magulu, magulu a Alipatic, magulu onunkhira komanso nayitrogeni ndi sulufule.

zonunkhira zonunkhira

Kununkhira kwa kapangidwe kake kamakonzekereratu kokomera ndi kapangidwe ka mankhwala pogwiritsa ntchito zachilengedwe kapena zopangira mafuta. Pakadali pano, pali mitundu ya 4000 ~ 5000 ya zonunkhira zonunkhira monga mwa mabuku, ndipo mitundu pafupifupi 700 imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mu njira yamakono ya kununkhira, zopanga zonunkhira zonunkhira za pafupifupi 85%.

Zonunkhira zimasiyanitsa

Zonunkhira zopepuka ndi zonunkhira zosakoma zomwe zimapangidwa mwaluso kapena kupangidwa ndi mapangidwe ake. Amakhala ndi kapangidwe kake komanso kapangidwe kake, koma khalani ndi fungo limodzi, ndipo muyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zonunkhira zina zachilengedwe kapena zopangidwa.

Kukoma kochepa

Kununkhira kwa semi ndi mtundu wa chinthu chopangidwa ndi mankhwala, chomwe ndi gawo lofunikira la kukoma. Pakadali pano, mitundu yoposa 150 ya zinthu zokongoletsa za semi zakhala zikutukuka.

Zonunkhira kwathunthu

Zokongoletsa kwathunthu ndizomwe zimapangidwa ndi mankhwala a mitundu yambiri ya mankhwala a petrochemical kapena mankhwala ogulitsa a malawi monga zinthu zosaphika. Ndi "zinthu zojambulajambula" zokonzedwa molingana ndi njira yopanga. Pali mitundu yopitilira 5,000 padziko lapansi, ndipo pali mitundu yopanda zopangidwa ndi 1,400 ya kukomoka kwa 1,400 yololedwa ku China, ndi mitundu yoposa 400 ya zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri.

Kuphatikizidwa

Kuphatikizani kumatanthauza chisakanizo cha zinthu zingapo kapena zonunkhira bwino (zachilengedwe, zonunkhira komanso zonunkhira) ndi fungo linalake) kapena kununkhira komwe kungagwiritsidwe ntchito mwachindunji kununkhira kwa kalengedwe, komwekonso.

Malinga ndi ntchito ya zonunkhira pakuphatikiza, zitha kugawidwa magawo asanu: Wogulitsanso mafuta onunkhira, komanso kununkhira kwa kununkhira, kununkhira, kununkhira kosinthika. Itha kugawidwa m'magawo atatu: mutu wonunkhira, fungo la thupi ndi fungo lonyowa molingana ndi mawu osungirako ena.

Kukakamiza kwa fungo

Mphuno adafalitsa njira zolambirira kununkhira molingana ndi kusalakwiridwa kwawo. Anaona zodzikongoletsera zamitundu ya 330 zachilengedwe komanso zonunkhira zina, zimawapangitsa kuti akhale onunkhira kwambiri, ma frown ndi ma frown ndi ma frown onunkhira malinga ndi kutalika kwa nthawi yomwe adakhalabe papepala.

Mlingowo umapatsa "1" kwa iwo omwe fungo lawo lomwe limangotaposa tsiku loti, "2" kwa iwo omwe ngongole yawo itatayika pasanathe masiku awiri, ndipo mpaka pano, pambuyo pake sichinadulidwe. Amasankha 1 mpaka 14 zonunkhira zonunkhira bwino mpaka pano.