Asidi ya Benzoic ndi makhiristo oyera olimba kapena opanda mtundu ngati singano okhala ndi formula ya C6H5COOH. Ali ndi fungo lofewa komanso lokoma. Chifukwa cha mphamvu zake zosiyanasiyana, besidi ya Benzoic imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo kusunga chakudya, mankhwala, ndi zodzoladzola.

Benzoic acid ndi ma esters ake amapezeka mwachilengedwe m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zomera ndi nyama. Chodziwika bwino n'chakuti, zipatso zambiri zimakhala ndi kuchuluka kwakukulu, pafupifupi 0.05%. Zipatso zakupsa za mitundu ingapo ya Vaccinium, monga cranberry (V. vitis-idaea) ndi bilberry (V. myrtillus), zimatha kukhala ndi kuchuluka kwa benzoic acid kuyambira 0.03% mpaka 0.13%. Kuphatikiza apo, maapulo amapanga benzoic acid akagwidwa ndi bowa Nectria galligena. Chomerachi chapezekanso m'ziwalo zamkati ndi minofu ya rock ptarmigan (Lagopus muta), komanso m'matenda a glandular a muskoxen wamwamuna (Ovibos moschatus) ndi njovu za ku Asia (Elephas maximus). Kuphatikiza apo, gum benzoin imatha kukhala ndi 20% benzoic acid ndi 40% ya ma esters ake.

Benzoic acid, yochokera ku mafuta a cassia, ndi yabwino kwambiri pa zodzoladzola zomwe zimapangidwa kuchokera ku zomera zokha.

Kugwiritsa Ntchito Benzoic Acid

1. Kupanga phenol kumaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito benzoic acid. Zatsimikiziridwa kuti phenol imatha kutengedwa kuchokera ku benzoic acid kudzera mu njira yochizira benzoic acid yosungunuka ndi mpweya wowonjezera, makamaka mpweya, pamodzi ndi nthunzi pa kutentha kuyambira 200°C mpaka 250°C.

2. Benzoic acid imagwira ntchito ngati chiyambi cha benzoyl chloride, yomwe imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri popanga mankhwala osiyanasiyana, utoto, zonunkhira, mankhwala ophera udzu, ndi mankhwala. Kuphatikiza apo, benzoic acid imapangidwanso kuti ipange ma ester a benzoate, ma amides a benzoate, ma thioesters a benzoate, ndi benzoic anhydride. Ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri m'mapangidwe ambiri ofunikira omwe amapezeka m'chilengedwe ndipo ndi ofunikira mu mankhwala achilengedwe.

3. Chimodzi mwa ntchito zazikulu za benzoic acid ndi monga chosungira zakudya m'gawo la chakudya. Chimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri mu zakumwa, zipatso, ndi msuzi, komwe chimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri poletsa kukula kwa nkhungu, yisiti, ndi mabakiteriya ena.

4. Mu mankhwala, benzoic acid nthawi zambiri imaphatikizidwa ndi salicylic acid kuti ithane ndi matenda a pakhungu monga phazi la othamanga, mphutsi, ndi kuyabwa kwa jock. Kuphatikiza apo, imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mankhwala opaka pakhungu chifukwa cha mphamvu zake zochotsa ziphuphu, chimanga, ndi mabala. Ikagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala, benzoic acid nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito pakhungu. Imapezeka m'njira zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo mafuta odzola, mafuta odzola, ndi ufa. Kuchuluka kwa benzoic acid m'zinthuzi nthawi zambiri kumakhala pakati pa 5% mpaka 10%, nthawi zambiri kumaphatikizidwa ndi kuchuluka kofanana kwa salicylic acid. Kuti muchiritse bwino matenda a pakhungu la bowa, ndikofunikira kuyeretsa ndikuumitsa bwino malo omwe akhudzidwa musanagwiritse ntchito mankhwala ochepa. Kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi zambiri kumalimbikitsidwa kawiri kapena katatu patsiku, ndipo kutsatira malangizo a katswiri wa zaumoyo ndikofunikira kuti mupeze zotsatira zabwino kwambiri.

Benzoic acid nthawi zambiri imaonedwa kuti ndi yotetezeka ikagwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera; komabe, ingayambitse zotsatirapo zoyipa mwa anthu ena. Zotsatirapo zoyipa zomwe zimafotokozedwa kawirikawiri zimaphatikizapo kufiira, kuyabwa, ndi kukwiya. Zizindikirozi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zochepa komanso zosakhalitsa, ngakhale kuti kwa ena zimakhala zosasangalatsa. Ngati kukwiya kukupitirira kapena kukulirakulira, ndibwino kusiya kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa ndikupempha upangiri kuchokera kwa katswiri wazachipatala.

Anthu omwe amadziwika kuti ali ndi vuto la kusamva bwino kwa benzoic acid kapena chilichonse mwa zosakaniza zake ayenera kupewa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe ali ndi mankhwalawa. Kuphatikiza apo, ndi koletsedwa kugwiritsa ntchito pa mabala otseguka kapena pakhungu losweka, chifukwa kuyamwa kwa asidi kudzera pakhungu lowonongeka kungayambitse poizoni m'thupi. Zizindikiro za poizoni m'thupi zingaphatikizepo nseru, kusanza, kusamva bwino m'mimba, ndi chizungulire, zomwe zimafuna thandizo lachipatala mwachangu.

Amayi oyembekezera ndi oyamwitsa amalimbikitsidwa kuti akafunse dokotala wawo asanagwiritse ntchito mankhwala okhala ndi benzoic acid kuti atsimikizire kuti ali otetezeka kwa iwo ndi makanda awo. Ngakhale kuti umboni wokhudza zotsatira za benzoic acid panthawi ya mimba ndi kuyamwitsa ndi wochepa, nthawi zonse ndi bwino kusamala kwambiri.

Mwachidule, benzoic acid ndi chinthu chamtengo wapatali chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Kupezeka kwake mwachilengedwe, mphamvu zake zosungira, komanso kusinthasintha kwake zimapangitsa kuti ikhale chinthu chamtengo wapatali m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana. Komabe, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito benzoic acid mosamala komanso moyenera, kutsatira malangizo operekedwa komanso kufunsa katswiri wazachipatala ngati pakufunika kutero.