I. Chidule cha mafakitale
Kununkhira kumatanthawuza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zonunkhira zachilengedwe ndi zokometsera zopangira monga zida zazikulu zopangira, komanso ndi zida zina zothandizira malinga ndi njira yoyenera komanso njira yokonzekera kununkhira kwina kwa zovuta, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mumitundu yonse yazakudya.Flavour ndi liwu lodziwika bwino la zinthu zokometsera zotengedwa kapena zopezedwa ndi njira zopangira, ndipo ndi gawo lofunikira lamankhwala abwino.Flavour ndi chinthu chapadera chomwe chimagwirizana kwambiri ndi moyo wa anthu, chomwe chimatchedwa "industrial monosodium glutamate", zogulitsa zake zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'makampani a zakudya, makampani opanga mankhwala tsiku ndi tsiku, makampani opanga mankhwala, mafakitale a fodya, mafakitale a nsalu, mafakitale a zikopa ndi mafakitale ena.
M'zaka zaposachedwa, mfundo zambiri zapereka zofunika kwambiri pakuwongolera makampani onunkhira ndi zonunkhira, chitetezo, kasamalidwe ka chilengedwe, ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yazakudya.Pankhani ya chitetezo, ndondomekoyi ikufuna "kulimbikitsa ntchito yomanga dongosolo lamakono la chitetezo cha chakudya", ndikulimbikitsa mwamphamvu luso lamakono la kukoma kwachilengedwe ndi kukonza;Pankhani ya kayendetsedwe ka chilengedwe, ndondomekoyi ikugogomezera kufunika kokwaniritsa "green low-carbon, ecological civilization", ndikulimbikitsa chitukuko chokhazikika ndi chotetezeka cha makampani onunkhira ndi onunkhira;Pankhani ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zakudya, ndondomekoyi imalimbikitsa kusintha ndi kukweza kwa mafakitale a zakudya, motero kumalimbikitsa chitukuko cha makampani otsika kwambiri a zonunkhira ndi zonunkhira.Makampani onunkhira ndi onunkhira ngati zida zopangira mankhwala ndi mafakitale opanga mankhwala, kukhazikika kwa malamulo okhwima kumapangitsa kuti mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono omwe ali ndi utsogoleri wosasamala wa chilengedwe akumane ndi mavuto akulu, ndipo mabizinesi omwe ali ndimlingo wina komanso malamulo oyendetsera chilengedwe amakhala ndi mwayi wabwino wachitukuko.
Zopangira zokometsera ndi zonunkhira zimaphatikizanso timbewu, mandimu, duwa, lavenda, vetiver ndi zokometsera zina, ndi musk, ambergris ndi nyama zina (zonunkhira).Mwachiwonekere, kumtunda kwa mndandanda wa mafakitale ake kumakhudza ulimi, nkhalango, kuweta ziweto ndi madera ena ambiri, kuphatikizapo kubzala, kuswana, sayansi yaulimi ndi luso lamakono, kukolola ndi kukonza ndi maulalo ena oyambira.Popeza zokometsera ndi zonunkhiritsa ndizofunikira kwambiri pazakudya, zosamalira khungu, fodya, zakumwa, chakudya ndi mafakitale ena, mafakitolewa ndi omwe amapanga makampani onunkhira komanso onunkhira.M'zaka zaposachedwa, ndikutukuka kwa mafakitale akumunsiwa, kufunikira kwa zokometsera ndi zonunkhira kwakhala kukuchulukirachulukira, ndipo zofunika zapamwamba zakhala zikuperekedwa kwa zokometsera ndi zonunkhiritsa.
2. Chitukuko
Ndi chitukuko cha zachuma cha mayiko padziko lapansi (makamaka maiko otukuka), kuwongolera kosalekeza kwa kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe amadya, zomwe anthu amafunikira pazakudya komanso zofunikira zatsiku ndi tsiku zikuchulukirachulukira, kutukuka kwamakampani ndi kukoka kwa zinthu zogula kwakula kwambiri. chitukuko cha mafakitale a zokometsera padziko lonse lapansi.Pali mitundu yopitilira 6,000 ya zokometsera ndi zonunkhira padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo kukula kwa msika kwakwera kuchoka pa $24.1 biliyoni mu 2015 mpaka $29.9 biliyoni mu 2023, ndikukula kwa 3.13%.
Kupanga ndi chitukuko cha kununkhira ndi kununkhira makampani, n'zogwirizana ndi chitukuko cha chakudya, chakumwa, mankhwala tsiku ndi mafakitale ena othandizira, kusintha mofulumira makampani kunsi kwa mtsinje, kulimbikitsa chitukuko mosalekeza wa kukoma ndi kununkhira makampani, mankhwala khalidwe akupitiriza kusintha. , mitundu ikupitirizabe kuwonjezeka, ndipo zotulukapo zimakwera chaka ndi chaka.Mu 2023, China kupanga zokometsera ndi fungo anafika matani 1.371 miliyoni, kuwonjezeka 2.62%, poyerekeza ndi linanena bungwe mu 2017 chinawonjezeka ndi 123,000 matani, ndi pawiri kukula kwa zaka zisanu zapitazi anali pafupi 1.9%.Pankhani ya kukula kwa msika wonse, gawo la zokometsera lidatenga gawo lalikulu, lowerengera 64.4%, ndipo zonunkhira zidawerengera 35.6%.
Ndi chitukuko cha chuma cha China komanso kusintha kwa moyo wa dziko, komanso kusamutsidwa kwa dziko lonse lapansi, kufunikira ndi kutulutsa kokoma ku China kukukulirakulirakulirakulirakulirakulirakulira, ndipo makampani opanga zokometsera akukula mwachangu komanso kukula kwa msika. kukula mosalekeza.Pambuyo pazaka zachitukuko chofulumira, Makampani opanga zokometsera zoweta amalizanso pang'onopang'ono kusintha kuchokera kuzinthu zazing'ono zopangira msonkhano kupita kupanga mafakitale, kuchokera kuzinthu zotsanzira kupita ku kafukufuku wodziyimira pawokha ndi chitukuko, kuchokera ku zida zotumizidwa kunja kupita ku mapangidwe odziyimira pawokha ndikupanga zida zamaluso, kuchokera pakuwunika kwamalingaliro mpaka kugwiritsa ntchito kuyezetsa zida zolondola kwambiri, kuyambira pakuyambitsa akatswiri aukadaulo kupita kumaphunziro odziyimira pawokha a akatswiri ogwira ntchito, kuyambira kusonkhanitsa zinthu zakuthengo mpaka kuyambitsa ndi kulima komanso kukhazikitsa maziko.Makampani opanga zokometsera zapakhomo ayamba pang'onopang'ono kukhala mafakitale athunthu.Mu 2023, msika waku China wokometsera komanso wonunkhira udafika pa 71.322 biliyoni ya yuan, pomwe msika wokometsera udakhala 61%, ndipo zonunkhira zidawerengera 39%.
3. Maonekedwe ampikisano
Pakadali pano, chitukuko chamakampani aku China onunkhira komanso kununkhira ndizodziwikiratu.Dziko la China ndilomwenso limapanga padziko lonse lapansi zokometsera zachilengedwe ndi zonunkhira.Nthawi zambiri, malonda aku China onunkhira komanso onunkhira apita patsogolo kwambiri, ndipo mabizinesi angapo odziyimira pawokha atulukiranso.Pakadali pano, mabizinesi ofunikira kwambiri pamakampani opanga mafuta onunkhira aku China ndi Jiaxing Zhonghua Chemical Co., LTD., Huabao International Holdings Co., LTD., China Bolton Group Co., LTD., Aipu Fragrance Group Co., LTD.
M'zaka zaposachedwa, gulu la Bolton lakhazikitsa mwamphamvu njira yachitukuko yoyendetsedwa ndiukadaulo, kuchulukitsa ndalama pakufufuza ndi chitukuko cha sayansi ndi ukadaulo, kupitilizabe kukhala ndi ukadaulo wonunkhira, biosynthesis, zokolola zachilengedwe ndi malo ena asayansi ndi ukadaulo, kulimba mtima kutumiza. ndi kukonza mapu otukuka, kumanga mpikisano waukulu wamakampani, kukulitsa mafakitale omwe akubwera monga biotechnology, ndudu zamagetsi, zamankhwala ndi thanzi, ndikuyala maziko olimba okhazikitsa maziko azaka zana zapitazi.Mu 2023, ndalama zonse za Bolton Gulu zinali 2.352 biliyoni yuan, kuwonjezeka kwa 2.89%.
4. Njira yachitukuko
Kwa nthawi yayitali, kupezeka ndi kufunikira kwa zokometsera ndi zonunkhira zakhala zikuyendetsedwa ndi Western Europe, United States, Japan ndi madera ena kwa nthawi yayitali.Koma United States, Germany, France ndi United Kingdom, omwe misika yawo yapakhomo ndi yokhwima kale, akuyenera kudalira mayiko omwe akutukuka kumene kuti awonjezere mapulogalamu awo a zachuma ndikukhalabe opikisana.Pamsika wapadziko lonse lapansi wonunkhira ndi zonunkhira, mayiko ndi zigawo zapadziko lonse lapansi monga Asia, Oceania ndi South America akhala madera omwe amapikisana nawo pamabizinesi akuluakulu.Kufunidwa ndi kwakukulu m'chigawo cha Asia-Pacific, chomwe chili pamwamba pa chiwerengero cha anthu omwe akukula padziko lonse.
1, kufunikira kwadziko lapansi kwa zokometsera ndi zonunkhira kupitilira kukula.Kutengera momwe msika wapadziko lonse lapansi amapangira mafuta onunkhira m'zaka zaposachedwa, kufunikira kwapadziko lonse lapansi kwamafuta onunkhira ndi kununkhira kukukulira pafupifupi 5% pachaka.Poganizira zamakono zamakono zamakono zamakampani onunkhira ndi onunkhira, ngakhale kuti kukula kwa mafakitale onunkhira m'mayiko ambiri otukuka kumakhala pang'onopang'ono, kuthekera kwa msika wa mayiko omwe akutukuka kumene kudakali kwakukulu, kukonza chakudya ndi makampani ogula malonda akupitirizabe kukula. Zogulitsa zadziko lonse komanso ndalama zomwe munthu amapeza zikupitilirabe, ndipo ndalama zapadziko lonse lapansi zikugwira ntchito, izi zidzakulitsa kufunikira kwadziko lapansi kwa zonunkhira ndi zonunkhira.
2. Maiko omwe akutukuka kumene ali ndi chiyembekezo chachikulu cha chitukuko.Kwa nthawi yayitali, kupezeka ndi kufunikira kwa zokometsera ndi zonunkhira zakhala zikuyendetsedwa ndi Western Europe, United States, Japan ndi madera ena kwa nthawi yayitali.Komabe, United States, Germany, France ndi United Kingdom, omwe misika yawo yapakhomo ndi yokhwima kale, akuyenera kudalira misika yambiri m'mayiko omwe akutukuka kumene kuti awonjezere ntchito zogulitsa ndalama ndikukhalabe opikisana.Pamsika wapadziko lonse lapansi wonunkhira ndi zonunkhira, mayiko ndi zigawo zapadziko lonse lapansi monga Asia, Oceania ndi South America akhala madera omwe amapikisana nawo pamabizinesi akuluakulu.Kufuna ndikwamphamvu kwambiri kudera la Asia-Pacific.
3, mabizinesi apadziko lonse lapansi onunkhira ndi zonunkhira kuti akulitse gawo la kukoma kwa fodya ndi kununkhira.Ndikukula kwachangu kwamakampani a fodya padziko lonse lapansi, kupangidwa kwamitundu yayikulu, komanso kusinthika kwina kwamagulu a fodya, kufunikira kwa zokometsera za fodya wapamwamba kwambiri kukuchulukirachulukira.Malo otukuka a kukoma kwa fodya ndi kununkhira akutsegulidwanso, ndipo mabizinesi apadziko lonse lapansi onunkhira ndi zonunkhira apitiliza kukulitsa gawo la kukoma kwa fodya ndi kununkhira mtsogolo.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jun-05-2024