I. Makampani akufalikira
Kununkhira kumatanthauza zonunkhira zosiyanasiyana komanso zopangidwa ndi zopangidwa monga zinthu zazikulu zopangira, komanso zida zina zopangira malingana ndi njira ina yothandiza kununkhira pang'ono, makamaka kugwiritsidwa ntchito mitundu yonse ya kununkhira. Kununkhira ndi mawu onunkhira zinthu zokomedwa zinthu zomwe zimachotsedwa kapena kupezeka ndi njira zosakira, ndipo ndi gawo lofunikira la mankhwala abwino. Kununkhira ndi chinthu chapadera chogwirizana ndi moyo wa anthu, womwe umadziwika kuti "mafakitale monodium glutamate", zinthu zake zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazambiri zamasiku, makampani opanga mankhwala, makampani ena.
M'zaka zaposachedwa, ndondomeko zambiri zayika zofunikira kwambiri pakuwongolera kwa kununkhira kwa kununkhira kwa kununkhira komanso chitetezo, chitetezo, chitsogozo cha chilengedwe, ndi kusintha kwa chakudya. Potengera chitetezo, malingaliro omwe akufuna "kulimbikitsa kumanga kazembe wamakono wa Chitetezo", ndikupanga mwamphamvu ukadaulo wokoma ndi kukonza; Potengera chitukuko cha chilengedwe, ndondomeko ikugogomezera kufunika kokwaniritsa "chitukuko cha chilengedwe", ndikulimbikitsa kukula koyenera komanso kotetezeka kwa malonda ndi onunkhira bwino; Pazinthu zosiyanasiyana za chakudya, ndondomekoyi imalimbikitsa kusintha ndikukukweza kwa makampani ogulitsa zakudya, motero kumalimbikitsa kukula kwa makampani otsika ndi zonunkhira. Kununkhira ndi kununkhira kwa mapangidwe opangira mankhwala ndi mankhwala opangira mankhwala, malo opangira mawuwo apanga mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono ndi kayendetsedwe koopsa, ndipo mabizinesi okhala ndi maboma ena ndi mwayi wochita bwino.
Zida zonunkhira ndi kununkhira makamaka zimaphatikizapo mint, ndimu, rose, vetiver ndi mbewu zina zonunkhira, ndi musk, nyemba zina (zonunkhira). Mwachidziwikire, kumtunda kwa utoto wake wamasewera, nkhalango, zolaula ndi minda ina yambiri, kuphatikiza ndi ukadaulo wa zaulimi, kukolola ndikugwirira ntchito zoyambira zoyambira zothandizira. Popeza zonunkhira ndi zonunkhira ndizofunikira kwambiri pazakudya, zinthu zosamalira khungu, zakumwa, zoduka, chakudya ndi mafakitale ena, mafakitale amenewa akuwonongeka. M'zaka zaposachedwa, ndikukula kwa mafakitale owotcha awa, kufunikira kwa zonunkhira ndi zonunkhira zikuchulukirachulukira, ndipo zofunika kwambiri zayikidwa patsogolo pa zonunkhira komanso zonunkhira bwino.
2. Mkhalidwe wachitukuko
Ndi chitukuko cha zachuma padziko lapansi (makamaka mayiko otukuka), zomwe anthu amafuna kuti mugwiritse ntchito chakudya komanso kupitirira, chitukuko cha katundu wa ogula chathamanga chikukula kwa malonda apadziko lonse lapansi. Pali mitundu yoposa 6,000 ya zonunkhira padziko lapansi, ndipo kukula kwa msika wachuluka kuchokera pa $ 24.1 biliyoni mu 2015 biliyoni 29.9 biliyoni mu 2023, ndikukula kwa pafupifupi 3.13%.
Kupanga ndi chitukuko cha kununkhira ndi mabizinesi onunkhira, kumagwirizana ndi kuchuluka kwa chakudya, chakumwa, kusintha kwa mabizinesi, kusinthasintha kwapakatikati, ndipo zotsatira zake zikukweranso chaka ndi chaka. Mu 2023, kupangidwa kwa China kwa Flavirs ndi zonunkhira zinafikira matani obiriwira 1.371 Potengera kukula kwathunthu, gawo lokoma limawerengera gawo lalikulu, laukadaulo la 64.4%, ndi zonunkhira zinachitika 35.6%.
Ndi chitukuko cha chuma cha China komanso kusintha kwa miyezo yadziko lonse, komanso kusinthasintha kwa makampani apadziko lonse lapansi, kufunikira kwa kununkhira ku China kukukula mofulumira komanso pamtunda wamasika ukukulitsa mosalekeza. Pambuyo pazaka zakutukuka mwachangu, makampani onunkhira apabanja omwe adamalizanso kusinthika kuchokera ku ntchito yaying'ono yopanga mafakitale, kuchokera pakupanga kwaukadaulo kwa akatswiri, kuchokera ku zowerengera zakutchire zoyambira ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa Zida. Kununkhira kwapadera kwapadera kwapadera pang'onopang'ono kunayamba kukhala ndi mafaloni athunthu a mafakitale. Mu 2023, kununkhira kwa China ndi msika wotsatsa kwa 71.322 biliyoni "
3. Mawonekedwe opikisana
Pakadali pano, kununkhira kwa chinthu china kununkhira kwa China ndi zonunkhira bwino ndizodziwikiratu. China ndilonso lopanga kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi zonunkhira zachilengedwe komanso zonunkhira. Mwambiri, kununkhira kwa China komanso zonunkhira zonunkhira kwatukuka mwachangu ndipo zinapita patsogolo kwambiri, ndipo zingapo zothandizira nyumba zodziyimira pawokha nazo zayambanso. Pakadali pano, mabizinesi akuluakulu ku China ndi Onexhui Mankhwala Onecan Co., Ltd.
M'zaka zaposachedwa, gulu la Bolton adakwaniritsa mwamphamvu njira yopanga bwino kwambiri, kafukufuku wa ukadaulo ndi luso laukadaulo, ndikukonzekera mpikisano wobzala Ndudu, ndudu ndi thanzi, ndipo inayala maziko olimba a kuponyera kwa zaka zana lankhondo. Mu 2023, ndalama zonse za gulu la Bolton zinali 2.352 biliyoni Yuan, kuwonjezeka kwa 2.89%.
4. Chitukuko
Kwa nthawi yayitali, kupezeka ndi kufunikira kwa zonunkhira ndi zonunkhira zakonzedwa ndi Western Europe, United States, Japan ndi zigawo zina kwa nthawi yayitali. Koma United States, Germany, France ndi Kingdom ndi United Kingdoms anali okhwima kale, ayenera kudalira mayiko omwe akutukuka kuti achulukitse ndalama zawo ndikukhala opikisano. Pamakona apadziko lonse lapansi ndi msika wotsatsa, mayiko achitatu ndi madera oterewa monga Asia, Ocearsia ndi South America ndiye malo ogulitsira abizinesi. Kufunafuna kukhazikika mu Chigawo cha Asia-Pacific, chomwe chili pamwamba pa kuchuluka kwa kukula kwa dziko.
1, Dzikoli limafunidwa kwa zonunkhira ndi zonunkhira zidzayamba kukula. Kuchokera kuzomera zapadziko lonse lapansi zamankhwala apadziko lapansi m'zaka zaposachedwa, kufunafuna kununkhira kwa kukoma ndi kununkhira kukukula pafupifupi 5% pachaka. Poganizira za chitukuko chamakono chomwe chimakhala ndi kununkhira komanso kununkhira kwa makampani onunkhira m'mayiko ambiri omwe atukuka kumeneku ndikuyamba kufalikira, kugulitsa kwa chakudya ndi makasitomala kumapitilirabe, zinthu izi zimalemeretsa dziko lapansi kwa zonunkhira.
2. Mayiko omwe akutukuka amakhala ndi chiyembekezo cha chitukuko. Kwa nthawi yayitali, kupezeka ndi kufunikira kwa zonunkhira ndi zonunkhira zakonzedwa ndi Western Europe, United States, Japan ndi zigawo zina kwa nthawi yayitali. Komabe, United States, Germany, France ndi United Kingdom, omwe misika yanyumba mwachikulire kale, tiyenera kudalira misika yayikulu m'maiko otukuka ndikukhala opikisano. Pamakona apadziko lonse lapansi ndi msika wotsatsa, mayiko achitatu ndi madera oterewa monga Asia, Ocearsia ndi South America ndiye malo ogulitsira abizinesi. Kufunafuna kukhazikika ku Asia-Pacific.
3, kukoma kwakumayiko padziko lonse lapansi komanso mabizinesi onunkhira kuti achuluke kununkhira kwa fodya ndi kununkhira. Ndi kukula kwa mafakitale apadziko lonse lapansi, mapangidwe a mtundu wawukulu, komanso kusintha kwa magulu a fodya owonjezera ku fodya okwera kwambiri. Malo achitukuko a fodya ndi kununkhira ukutsegulidwanso, ndipo kukoma kwapadziko lonse lapansi ndi mabizinesi onunkhirawa adzapitiriza kukulitsa kununkhira kwa fodya ndi kununkhira mtsogolo.
Post Nthawi: Jun-05-2024